How to Build a Skin Care Routine for Seborrheic Dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD), a common form of eczema, is characterized by dandruff and yellow, adherent scales with reddened skin. While seborrheic dermatitis rarely causes serious harm to the skin, it triggers unexpected flare-ups. If you are experiencing discomfort from seborrheic dermatitis, try developing a gentle skincare routine to control its symptoms. Our blog will clarify what causes seborrheic dermatitis and offer treatments, as well as skincare tips, for healthier skin.

What Is Seborrheic Dermatitis? Can It Be Curable?

Seborrheic dermatitis, a chronic relapsing condition of eczema, “appears on the body where there are a lot of oil-producing (sebaceous) glands like the upper back, nose, and scalp,” reported the National Eczema Association. It often comes with flaking skin, dandruff, ring-shaped rash, discoloration, and itchiness.

Seborrheic dermatitis rarely resolves on its own, and it’s a condition you may have to manage long-term. Therefore, the answer to the question, “Can it be curable?” is, unfortunately, “No.” However, you can pursue treatments to alleviate itching and adopt a daily skincare routine to help manage seborrheic dermatitis effectively.

What Causes Seborrheic Dermatitis?

Understanding the causes, whether genetic or external, is the first step in navigating effective skincare solutions for seborrheic dermatitis. The typical trigger comes from an overgrowth of Malassezia—a natural skin yeast, leading to an overreaction in the immune system and a fungal infection on your skin. Besides that, the National Eczema Association highlights the other causes, including:

Emotional stress;
Hormonal changes and illness;
Extreme weather or seasonal transitions;
Harsh chemicals, soaps, solvents, and detergents;
Some types of medications (e.g., psoralen, interferon);
Medical conditions (e.g., HIV, Parkinson’s disease, acne).

Step-by-Step Skin Care Routine For Seborrheic Dermatitis.

As mentioned above, seborrheic dermatitis cannot be completely cured. However, you can try and manage its symptoms with a safe skincare routine. Check out these 5 steps:

1. Understand your goals for managing symptoms

The first step is to understand what you're aiming for: soothing irritation, reducing inflammation, lessening the rash, or preventing flare-ups. Depending on your skin condition, your treatment plan can include one or more.

2. Create a skincare routine

Once you’ve determined your goals, you can start building your skincare routine. We’ve listed out some skincare tips to help seborrheic dermatitis below:

Gentle cleansing is the mainstay of seborrheic dermatitis treatment. According to the American Academy of Dermatology Association, medicated soaps, like fragrance-free or pyrithione zinc-containing cleansers—these ingredients all work together to give additional benefits to your skin.
Exfoliating helps reduce the buildup of dead skin and flakes, but it should be done sparingly.
Moisturizing can soothe irritation and repair your skin barrier, supporting your skin's fight against seborrheic dermatitis.

3. Implement a good skincare routine

The American Academy of Dermatology recommends using dandruff shampoos with ingredients like ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione to manage seborrheic dermatitis. These ingredients help alleviate symptoms like itching, flaking, and irritation.

What are some more skin care tips to help seborrheic dermatitis? “If you have straight or wavy hair, you may use dandruff shampoo 2 to 3 times a week. However, if you have curly or tightly coiled hair, your dermatologist may recommend using the shampoo once a week.”, says the American Academy of Dermatology.

Once your symptoms are under control, continuing to use the dandruff shampoo once a week can help prevent flare-ups.

4. Experience targeted treatments for facial seborrheic dermatitis

Besides a personalized skincare routine for seborrheic dermatitis, ask your healthcare provider for targeted medications, including:

Antifungal cream, gel, or foam: Ketoconazole is an FDA-approved antifungal medication to control seborrheic dermatitis symptoms in individuals from 12 years of age. You can try other medications completely, but read the directions before applying.
Corticosteroids: If you feel antifungal products don’t work on you, prescribed topical corticosteroids are an option. As the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFD) reported, you should apply a 1% corticosteroid once or twice a day, but always consult with your medical professional for directions before using your prescription medication.
Topical calcineurin inhibitor (TCI): These prescription creams or ointments, such as Protopic and Elidel, reduce redness and swelling by blocking inflammatory proteins. TCIs are typically prescribed for severe cases or as a preventative measure during flare-ups.

5. Consult with a dermatologist before starting topical treatments

A professional dermatologist will ask about your skin condition, review your medical history, and examine your skin closely to make an accurate diagnosis. With this information, they can assess your condition and develop a plan to control seborrheic dermatitis. Being open about your health history will help ensure you receive the most effective treatment

Important: This information is for educational purposes only. Please consult a dermatologist or healthcare professional before starting any new skincare routine or treatment for seborrheic dermatitis.

Common Active Ingredients for Seborrheic Dermatitis: How They Compare

Active Ingredient	How It Works	Best Used For	Typical OTC Products	Key Considerations
Zinc Pyrithione	Research suggests it disrupts fungal cell membrane function and may help reduce Malassezia yeast populations on the skin	Scalp and facial seborrheic dermatitis; daily maintenance	Dandruff shampoos (Head & Shoulders, Vanicream Z-Bar), facial washes	Generally well-tolerated; many people find it suitable for long-term use; available in wash-off and leave-on formulas
Ketoconazole	An antifungal that studies indicate inhibits ergosterol synthesis, which is essential for fungal cell membranes	Active flare-ups; moderate to stubborn cases	Nizoral shampoo (1-2%), some OTC creams	Often considered more potent; typically used 2-3 times weekly rather than daily; prescription strengths available
Selenium Sulfide	Research indicates it slows skin cell turnover and has antifungal properties against Malassezia	Scalp seborrheic dermatitis with significant flaking	Selsun Blue, prescription-strength formulas	May cause dryness; some find the smell strong; generally used 2-3 times weekly
Salicylic Acid	A keratolytic that helps soften and remove scales by breaking down the bonds between skin cells	Reducing visible flaking; scale buildup	Many dandruff shampoos, facial exfoliants	Helps with symptoms but doesn't address underlying fungal component; often combined with antifungal ingredients
Tea Tree Oil	Contains terpinen-4-ol, which some studies suggest has antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties	Those preferring natural approaches; mild cases	Natural shampoos, diluted essential oil products	Limited clinical evidence compared to medicated options; may cause irritation in some individuals; always use diluted

Seborrheic Dermatitis Skincare Routine: Step-by-Step Order

Routine Step	Morning Routine	Evening Routine	Tips for Success
Step 1: Cleanse	Gentle, fragrance-free cleanser or antifungal wash if recommended by your dermatologist	Same gentle cleanser; remove makeup thoroughly first if worn	Avoid hot water and harsh scrubbing; lukewarm water helps protect the skin barrier
Step 2: Treatment (if prescribed)	Apply any prescribed topical antifungal or anti-inflammatory as directed	Treatment products often work well overnight; follow dermatologist guidance on frequency	Allow treatments to absorb for 1-2 minutes before the next step
Step 3: Moisturize	Lightweight, non-comedogenic, fragrance-free moisturizer	Slightly richer barrier-repair moisturizer if tolerated	Look for ceramides, glycerin, or hyaluronic acid; avoid products with known irritants like heavy fragrances
Step 4: Sun Protection	Broad-spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen (mineral formulas often better tolerated)	Not typically needed unless going out at night	Some research suggests moderate sun exposure may help symptoms, but protection prevents damage and irritation

Scalp vs. Face: How Seborrheic Dermatitis Treatment Differs

Factor	Scalp Treatment Approach	Facial Treatment Approach
Product Types	Medicated shampoos (ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide); leave-on scalp treatments	Gentle antifungal creams, washes, and low-potency topical treatments formulated for facial skin
Application Method	Lather and leave on for 3-5 minutes before rinsing; massage into scalp	Apply thin layers; avoid eye area; often leave-on formulations rather than wash-off
Strength Considerations	Scalp can typically tolerate stronger concentrations due to thicker skin	Facial skin is more sensitive; dermatologists often recommend lower concentrations or gentler alternatives
Common Problem Areas	Entire scalp, hairline, behind ears	Eyebrows, sides of nose, nasolabial folds, forehead—areas with more sebaceous glands
Moisturizing Needs	Often not needed; focus on treatment	Barrier repair is important; fragrance-free, non-comedogenic moisturizers recommended

Seborrheic Dermatitis Triggers and Management Strategies

Common Trigger	Why It May Cause Flare-Ups	Management Strategies
Cold, Dry Weather	Research suggests low humidity and cold temperatures can compromise the skin barrier, potentially allowing Malassezia to trigger more inflammation	Increase moisturizer use; consider a humidifier indoors; maintain consistent routine during winter months
Stress	Studies indicate stress hormones may affect immune function and sebum production, potentially worsening symptoms	Stress management techniques; maintaining sleep hygiene; keeping up with skincare routine even during busy periods
Hormonal Changes	Hormone fluctuations (pregnancy, postpartum, menstrual cycle) may influence sebum production and immune responses	Work with healthcare providers; many people find symptoms improve after hormonal stabilization; safe treatment options exist for pregnancy/breastfeeding
Sweating & Heat	Excess moisture and warmth may create favorable conditions for Malassezia yeast growth	Shower promptly after sweating; use gentle cleansers; those working outdoors may benefit from midday cleansing wipes
Certain Skincare Products	Heavy oils, fragrances, and some ingredients may feed Malassezia or irritate compromised skin	Check ingredient lists; avoid products with oleic acid, certain plant oils; choose "fungal acne safe" or minimal ingredient products
Seasonal Changes	Transitions between seasons often combine multiple triggers (humidity changes, temperature shifts, altered routines)	Adjust routine proactively; consider using maintenance antifungal treatments during high-risk seasons

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What exactly is seborrheic dermatitis, and how is it different from regular dandruff or eczema?

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin condition that causes yellow, greasy-looking flakes and redness, typically in areas with many oil glands like the scalp, face (especially around the nose and eyebrows), and chest. While dandruff is often considered a mild form of seborrheic dermatitis limited to the scalp, seborrheic dermatitis can be more widespread and inflammatory. Unlike atopic dermatitis (eczema), which is primarily driven by immune dysfunction and often appears in skin creases, seborrheic dermatitis is associated with the Malassezia yeast that naturally lives on skin. Studies suggest this yeast breaks down skin oils into substances that trigger inflammation in susceptible individuals. A dermatologist can help distinguish between these conditions and recommend appropriate treatment.

Q: Can seborrheic dermatitis be permanently cured, or is it a lifelong condition?

Research indicates that seborrheic dermatitis is typically a chronic, relapsing condition rather than something that can be permanently cured. Many people experience periods of remission where symptoms significantly improve or disappear, followed by flare-ups triggered by stress, weather changes, hormonal shifts, or other factors. The good news is that it can usually be well-managed with consistent skincare routines and appropriate treatments. Some individuals find that their symptoms naturally improve with age, while others may experience it throughout their lives. Working with a dermatologist to develop a long-term maintenance routine can help minimize flare-ups and keep symptoms under control. The goal of treatment is typically management rather than cure.

Q: Why does seborrheic dermatitis appear mainly on the scalp, nose, and eyebrows?

Seborrheic dermatitis tends to develop in areas with the highest concentration of sebaceous (oil-producing) glands. The scalp, face (particularly around the nose, eyebrows, and nasolabial folds), chest, and upper back all have abundant oil glands. Research suggests the Malassezia yeast responsible for triggering seborrheic dermatitis feeds on the lipids (fats) in sebum. When this yeast breaks down skin oils, it produces byproducts that can trigger an inflammatory immune response in susceptible individuals. This explains why the condition clusters in oily areas—these regions provide the ideal environment for Malassezia to thrive. Understanding this pathophysiology helps explain why antifungal treatments and oil-control strategies are central to management.

Q: What's the difference between zinc pyrithione and ketoconazole, and which should I try first?

Both ingredients target the Malassezia yeast associated with seborrheic dermatitis, but they work differently. Zinc pyrithione disrupts fungal cell membrane function and has both antifungal and antibacterial properties. It's generally well-tolerated and found in many over-the-counter dandruff shampoos, making it accessible for daily or regular use. Ketoconazole is an antifungal that inhibits ergosterol synthesis, a component essential for fungal cell membranes, and studies suggest it may be more potent against Malassezia. Many dermatologists recommend starting with zinc pyrithione products for mild cases due to their gentleness and availability. If symptoms persist, ketoconazole products (available OTC in 1% strength or prescription in 2%) may be suggested. Some people rotate between different active ingredients to prevent tolerance. Consult a dermatologist to determine the best approach for your specific situation.

Q: Is it safe to treat seborrheic dermatitis while pregnant or breastfeeding?

Many people experience new or worsening seborrheic dermatitis during pregnancy or postpartum due to hormonal fluctuations affecting sebum production and immune function. The good news is that several treatment options are generally considered compatible with pregnancy and breastfeeding, though you should always consult your healthcare provider before starting any treatment. Zinc pyrithione shampoos and washes are often considered among the safer options. Some topical antifungals may be appropriate depending on the area treated and concentration. Many healthcare providers recommend avoiding certain oral antifungals and strong topical steroids during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Postpartum seborrheic dermatitis often improves as hormones stabilize, though the timeline varies. A dermatologist familiar with treating pregnant and breastfeeding patients can help develop a safe, effective routine.

Q: How do I know if my seborrheic dermatitis skincare routine is actually working?

Signs that your routine may be helping include reduced visible flaking and scaling, less redness and inflammation, decreased itching or discomfort, and longer periods between flare-ups. Many people notice initial improvement within 2-4 weeks of consistent treatment, though complete control may take longer. Keep in mind that seborrheic dermatitis management is about control rather than cure—some degree of maintenance is typically needed long-term. If you experience worsening symptoms, spreading to new areas, significant pain or oozing, or no improvement after 4-6 weeks of consistent over-the-counter treatment, it's time to consult a dermatologist. They can assess whether you need prescription-strength treatments or whether another condition might be contributing to your symptoms.

Q: Why do my seborrheic dermatitis treatments seem to stop working over time?

Many people find that treatments that initially worked well become less effective over time. While true antifungal resistance is relatively uncommon with topical treatments, several factors may contribute to reduced effectiveness. The skin microbiome can shift over time, your skin's needs may change seasonally or with age, or the underlying triggers (stress, hormones, environment) may have changed. Some dermatologists recommend rotating between different active ingredients—for example, alternating between zinc pyrithione, ketoconazole, and selenium sulfide—to maintain effectiveness and prevent potential tolerance. If your current routine stops working, consult a dermatologist rather than simply increasing frequency or concentration, as this can lead to irritation. They may suggest different ingredients, combination approaches, or newer treatment options being researched for seborrheic dermatitis.

Q: Are natural remedies like tea tree oil effective for seborrheic dermatitis?

Some natural ingredients have preliminary research supporting their use for seborrheic dermatitis, though evidence is generally less robust than for established antifungal treatments like ketoconazole or zinc pyrithione. Tea tree oil contains terpinen-4-ol, which some studies suggest has antifungal properties against Malassezia. A few small studies have shown modest benefits, but concentrations and formulations vary widely. Honey, aloe vera, and certain other natural substances have also been explored with mixed results. Important considerations: natural doesn't always mean gentler or safer—tea tree oil can cause contact dermatitis in some people, and essential oils should always be properly diluted. If you prefer natural approaches, discuss them with a dermatologist who can help you evaluate the evidence and incorporate them safely, possibly alongside proven treatments for better results.

Q: What questions should I ask my dermatologist about seborrheic dermatitis?

Preparing questions before your appointment can help you get the most out of your visit. Consider asking: Is this definitely seborrheic dermatitis, or could other conditions be contributing? What specific products and active ingredients do you recommend for my case? How should I layer treatments with my regular skincare routine? What triggers should I watch for, and how can I prevent flare-ups? Are there any ingredients I should avoid in my skincare and haircare products? How long should I try a treatment before knowing if it works? When should I come back if things aren't improving? Are there any newer treatments worth considering? If you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or have other health conditions, ask about safe treatment options for your situation. Bringing a list of products you currently use can also help your dermatologist provide personalized recommendations.

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Seborrheic dermatitis management should be personalized to your specific situation, health history, and other factors. Please consult a dermatologist or healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment recommendations tailored to your individual needs.

Other Home Remedies

Below are some expert-recommended tips to help your seborrheic dermatitis:

Manage your stress: with relaxation techniques to help keep flare-ups under control and prevent inflammatory skin.
Do more exercises: to boost your overall health, including supporting better skin and reducing stress levels.
Wash your scalp: with medicated shampoos or soaps, aiming to control dandruff and inflammation on your skin.
Adjust your diet and use supplements: support your body with the proper nutrition that contains anti-inflammatory properties such as omega-3 fatty acids.
Try topical botanicals: such as aloe vera and avocado oil, which work well to build skin cells.

What Product Should I Avoid?

“If a skin or hair care product contains alcohol, it can cause a flare-up,” says the American Academy of Dermatology. It may be helpful to temporarily avoid hair sprays and styling products while treating seborrheic dermatitis symptoms.

You should also reduce your intake of refined carbohydrates, which can lead to the overproduction of yeast in your skin—a common seborrheic dermatitis trigger. Don’t use expired prescribed medication for your current skin disorder; they are risky and even cause side effects!

Take Care of Your Seborrheic Dermatitis with Phoilex!

A tailored skincare routine can help manage seborrheic dermatitis, particularly when symptoms overlap with eczema. These skincare tips focus on calming irritation, reducing flaking, and restoring skin balance. We recommend always consulting a medical expert before embarking on a new skincare regime.

With Phoilex, you can confidently care for your seborrheic dermatitis while enjoying gentle, botanically-derived skincare solutions. Our products are designed to bring comfort and balance back to your skin, effectively managing eczema and other sensitive skin disorders.

References:

National Eczema Association. (2013). Seborrheic Dermatitis | National Eczema Association. National Eczema Association.https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/types-of-eczema/seborrheic-dermatitis/
Seborrheic dermatitis: Diagnosis and treatment. (n.d.). Www.aad.org.https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/seborrheic-dermatitis-treatment
Seborrheic Dermatitis - Whole Health Library. (n.d.). Www.va.gov.https://www.va.gov/WHOLEHEALTHLIBRARY/tools/seborrheic-dermatitis.asp
Tynes, B. E., Johnson, C. D., Vaish, M. H., Abbott, B., Jelena Vučenović, Giustino Varrassi, Pooja Potharaju, Torres, Y. L., Lee, Z., Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Sahar Shekoohi, & Kaye, A. D. (2024). Ketoconazole Shampoo for Seborrheic Dermatitis of the Scalp: A Narrative Review. Cureus. https://www.cureus.com/articles/284759-ketoconazole-shampoo-for-seborrheic-dermatitis-of-the-scalp-a-narrative-review#!/
Johnson, B. A., & Nunley, J. R. (2000). Treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis. American Family Physician, 61(9), 2703–2710. https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2000/0501/p2703.html/1000